Effect of LPS on the proliferation and migration of U87 cells.

A) Comparison of direct and automated cell counting of U87 cells maintained 48 h in culture in the presence and absence of the TLR-4 activator, LPS, as indicated. Cell counts were performed in parallel after treatment with C34, a specific inhibitor of TLR-4, and the vehicle (DMSO) in which it was dissolved. Values are expressed as a percent of control, and each bar represents the mean ± SE of triplicate determinations in 3 separate experiments. B) Cell wound healing assays showing the ability of U87 cells to migrate in culture in the absence and presence of LPS, as indicated. The lower right panel shows a graph of the quantification of the wound area. C) Transwell migration assays of U87 cells in the presence of the activator (LPS) and the inhibitor (C34) of TLR-4, as listed. Typical images from three separate experiments are shown. D, Comparative analysis of transwell migration assay results of U78 cells as in C. Results represent the mean ± SEM of 3 independent experiments. *P < 0.05 compared to untreated cells.