Evolucija jezika iz kulturnega vidika

Language is the primary force of human social life. It is the most important characteristic that separates humans from animals. The question of language evolution has not yet been completely answered, despite several theories dealing with this subject. In my graduation thesis I deal with language evolution from the cultural aspect. First I present the process of evolution, focusing on cultural evolution – the transfer of cultural patterns in social community. I deal with different language definitions, presented by Sverker Johansson, and the reasons for its evolution. The chapter on language definitions is completed by presenting the cradle of language, which is Africa. When focusing on language evolution from the cultural aspect, it is necessary to present the theory of cultural transmission by Michael Tomasello. He believed that this is the only biological mechanism that could have caused changes in cognition and behaviour. Finally, I present the question of inseparability of language and culture.Jezik je primarna sila, ki uravnava človekovo socialno življenje. Prav tako je najpomembnejša karakteristika, ki ločuje človeka od živali. Vprašanje evolucije jezika še ni dalo vseh odgovorov, navkljub številnim teorijam, ki se ukvarjajo s to temo. V diplomski nalogi predstavim evolucijo jezika iz kulturnega vidika. V prvem delu predstavim proces evolucij, s poudarkom na kulturni evoluciji – prenos kulturnih vzorcev v skupini. Ukvarjam se z različnimi definicijami jezika, ki jih je zbrala Sverker Johansson, in z vzroki za njegovo evolucijo. Poglavje o jeziku zaključim z zibelko vseh jezikov, ki je Afrika. Ob osredotočanju na evolucijo jezika iz kulturnega vidika je potrebno predstaviti teorijo kulturnega prenosa, katere avtor je Michael Tomasello. Menil je, da kulturni prenos edino biološko orodje, ki je lahko povzročilo spremembe v obnašanju in spoznavanju. Nenazadnje predstavim še vprašanje razdružljivosti jezika in kulture