BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CULTURAL ORIGIN

Diplomsko delo obravnava evolucijo človeka od njegovih najstarejših znanih fosilov pa vse do trenutka, ko kultura povsem spremeni njegov tok evolucije. To se zgodi v trenutku, ko pride zaradi povsem biološke evolucije (dvonožna hoja in posledično reorganizacija lobanje) do odprtja čelnega režnja, ki začne proizvajati simbolno produkcijo. S tem dobimo tisto materijo, s katero lahko tvorimo kulturo oziroma svet izmislekov. Z diplomsko nalogo smo pokazali, da je kultura nastala kot posledica fiziološke reorganizacije in jo tudi evolucijsko pojasnili. V trenutku, ko nastane kultura, to je približno pred 40.000 leti, pa razvoja človeške vrste ni več mogoče pojasniti le z biološko evolucijo, kajti kultura omogoča preživetje tudi tistih posameznikov, ki so fiziološko nepopolni in bi jih biološka evolucija izločila. Ugotovljeno pomeni, da je danes preživetje otroka odvisno od tega, ali zna kultura kompenzirati njegove telesne disfunkcije ali ne. Šele če kultura tega ni zmožna, nastopi naravna selekcija. Naša vrsta je postala najbolj uspešna ravno zaradi fiziološke nedodelanosti, ki jo lahko nadomesti z učenjem. Učenje oziroma prenos znanja iz generacije v generacijo postane edina strategija za preživetje. Socializacija posameznika je torej nujen proces za učlovečenje posameznika in za reprodukcijo družbe. Ker postane učenje nujno, se kultura, v kateri posameznik odrašča, vpiše v njegov nevro-fiziološki sistem in postane del njegovega telesnega ustroja. Kultura nam tako omogoča zelo elastičen program za preživetje, ki ga živali s svojimi instinkti nimajo.The graduation thesis treats the evolution of a human being from the oldest known fossils to the moment when the culture entirely changes the stream of evolution. That happens in the moment when entirely biological evolution (bipedal gait and consequently reorganizing a skull) causes opening of the frontal lobe which produces the symbol production. This generates the materia whitch forms the culture or the world of figments. We showed that the culture originates as a consequence of physiologic reorganization and evolutionary explained it. At the moment of culture formation, approximately 40,000 years ago, the evolution of the humane race cannot be explained only with biological evolution, for culture enables survival of those individuals who are physiological incomplete and would be eliminated by biological evolution. Established means that the child’s survival depends on whether culture can or cannot compensate child\u27s body dysfunctions. Only when culture cannot accomplish that natural selection occurs. Our species became the most successful on account of physiologic unfinished state which can be replaced by learning. Learning and transmitting knowledge from generation to generation becomes the only strategy for survival. Individual’s socialisation is a necessary process for individual\u27s embodiment and reproduction of society. Learning becomes necessary and therefore the culture in which individual grows up inscribes in individual\u27s neurophysiological system and becomes a part of body structure. Culture enables flexible programme for survival that animals with their instinct have not got it