Lasiurus ebenus Fazzolari-Correa 1994

263. Hairy-tailed Bat Lasiurus ebenus French: Lasiure du Brésil / German: Sao-Paulo-Haarschwanzfledermaus / Spanish: Lasiuro de Brasil Other common names: Blackish Red Bat Taxonomy. Lasiurus ebenus Fazzolari-Corréa, 1994, “ Brazil: Sao Paulo: Parque Estadual da ITha do Cardoso (25°05'S, 47°59'W).” See L. egregius. Until recently, L. ebenus was known only from the holotype captured in 1991. Its taxonomic status has been questioned because distinction between L. ebenus and sympatric congener L. blossevilii was based mainly on color, which is highly variable. A second specimen captured in 2017 allowed qualitative and morphometric analyses and confirmed L. ebenus as a valid species. Lasiurus ebenus is distinguished from congeners by black membranes and pelage, bone-brown hair on interfemoral and ventral wing membranes, and presence of two upper premolars on each side, in which anterior is minute and medially displaced. Lasiurus ebenus is not yet phylogenetically positioned, but morphological traits indicate that it belongs in the Red Bat group. Monotypic. Distribution. Known only from two localities in SE Atlantic Forest of Sao Paulo State, SE Brazil. Descriptive notes. Head-body 57-462- 1 mm, tail 50-1-58- 1 mm, ear 12-4-15- 3 mm, hindfoot c. 11 mm, forearm 45-6— 45- 7 mm; weight 12- 5-14 g. Dorsal hairs are tricolored, with black bases, followed by dark brown to bone-brown band, and black distal band. Ventral hairs are bicolored, with large bone-brown bases and black tips. Bone-brown to dark brown fur on uropatagium reaches one-third to one-halfof its length; ventral surface of humeri and forearms are also furred. Ears are broad and rounded, with triangular tragus measuring c.50% the ear length. Muzzle, borders of ears, and lips are black. Calcar is almost twice as long as hindfoot. Rostrum is short; braincase is broad; and sagittal crest is absent. P? is present, and P* is double rooted. Dental formulais11/3,C1/1,P 2/2, M 3/3 (x2) = 32. Habitat. Ombrophilous Forest and Premontane Forest areas in Atlantic Forest, associated to watercourses, at elevations of 40-630 m. Food and Feeding. The Hairy-tailed Bat is insectivorous. Both specimens were captured over streams c. 1 m over the water surface. Breeding. No information. Activity patterns. One Hairy-tailed Bat was captured c.1 hour after sunset. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCNRed List. Main threat to the Hairy-tailed Bat is intensive habitat destruction in south-eastern region of Sao Paulo State. Both specimens were collected in protected areas. Bibliography. Baird et al. (2015), Claudio, Barbosa et al. (2018), Fazzolari-Corréa (1994, 1995), Gardner & Handley (2008), Moratelli (2016), Sampaio et al. (2016f).Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Vespertilionidae, pp. 716-981 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 880, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.639775