Tese de doutoramento em Biociências, ramo de especialização em Biologia Celular e Molecular, apresentada ao Departamento de Ciências da Vida da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de CoimbraWith 86 billion neurons in the human brain, the ordered array of neuronal pathways is an exceptionally complex web of accurately connected axonal and dendritic processes, ultimately allowing us to perceive the world and respond consciously to it. Precise wiring of the nervous system is therefore the cornerstone of its intricate functions. Neuronal connectivity begins to take shape during embryonic development, when post-migratory newborn neurons send out a single threadlike axon that extends in a highly directed manner to the vicinity of ...