(62(3):235-248)Development of Japonica Rice Cultivar ‘Tainung77’

稻米品質改良一直以來都是國內水稻育種的主要目標，為了育成具有日本 ‘越光’ 米品質且適合台灣栽培環境之良質米品種，農委會農業試驗所自1997 年第二期作以 ‘農林22 號’ 與 ‘農林1 號’ 進行雜交。早期世代以改良式之混合育種法進行固定，隨後以譜系法進行選育，歷經觀察試驗、初級及高級產量試驗，選出 ‘台農育914079 號’ 參加2004 年早熟組 稻區域試驗及各項特性檢定。綜合各級試驗及特性檢定結果，‘台農育914079 號’ 新品系具有中早熟、抗倒伏及高產潛能等優良特性；此外，稻米外觀及米飯食味品質等也皆有優良表現，並具米飯香味。故於2011 年命名為 ‘台農77 號’，以供農民及消費者更多的選擇與利用。 Rice quality improvement has been recognized as one of the main goals for local rice breeders in Taiwan. In order to breed a variety which is as good as Japanese ‘Koshihikari’ and also suitable for Taiwan’s unique cultivating environment, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute used a genetic combination of ‘Norin 22 × Norin 1’ since 1997. The modified bulk method was adopted in the early generations to fix the genetic settings followed by pedigree method for phenotypic selection in the breeding procedure. After the processes of observation, primary yield, and advanced yield trials, the line of ‘Tainung-Yu914079’ (‘TNGY914079’) was chosen for the early-maturity regional yield trails and various agronomic characteristics tests in 2004–2005. Results showed that the chosen line carry several superior traits, such as mid-early maturity, lodging resistance, high yield potential, and excellent performance in grain appearance and flavor. It was renamed as ‘Tainung77’ in 2011 and became an alternative quality rice for the market