In the countries of East-Central Europe, the debutes concerning the German problem reveal the fragility of their national identity, and are the basis of all thinking and ail political projects concerning the overcoming of the legacy of World War II. Two recent debutes illustrate this phenomenon. The first, deliberately non-political, concerns the rediscovery of a Central European cultural identity, of which the German presence (including that of German minorities) is an element, identified at times with modernization and the penetration of Western civilization, and at times with national oppression. The second concerns the partition of Europe. Beyond the use of the German threat by the communist regimes in East-Central Europe, two contradic...