Hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance in TG mice.

<p>(A) Blood glucose levels (mg/dl) in fasted and ad-lib fed TG mice and their control littermates at 8 weeks of age. (B) Plasma insulin levels (ng/ml) before and 15 min after glucose (1.2 g/kg) intraperitoneal injection. (C) Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT) in male (left) and female (right) TG mice that had normal blood glucose levels in fasted and fed states at 8 weeks of age. (D) Insulin tolerance test (ITT) in male (left) and female (right) TG and control mice at 12 weeks of age. (E) Plasma insulin (left) and glucagon (right) levels in fasted and fed conditions in TG and control mice at 12 weeks of age. (F) The size-matched islets were isolated from male TG and control mice at 12 weeks of age, and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion levels were measured in those islets. The data were normalized by DNA content in those islets (G and H) TG mice that had normal blood glucose levels at 4 weeks of age and their control littermates were fed a HFHSD for 8 weeks further, then, fasted blood glucose levels were measured (G) and IPGTT performed (H) in both male (left) and female (right) mice. In each experiment (A–H), at least six male or female mice for each genotype were analyzed. In the line graphs, closed triangle indicates TG mice and open circle indicates control mice. Data represent mean ± SEM. * or ** indicates <i>P</i><0.05 or <i>P</i><0.01 by ANOVA.