Vi impacts on the cytokine profile of innate cells shortly after infection.

<p>Cells were stained with mAb to specific surface markers F4/80⁺, CD11c⁺, DX5⁺/CD3⁻ and Ly6G⁺ to identify innate populations, permeabilised and stained with anti-MIP-2, TNF-α, IFN-γ, perforin and IL-6. Data represent percent of cytokine positive cells out of total spleen populations ± SEM.</p><p>*indicates significant values of p<0.05;</p><p>**, p<0.01;</p><p>***, p<0.001, as determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's multiple comparison test when compared to naïve mice.</p>†<p>indicates significant values of p<0.05;</p>††<p>, p<0.01;</p>†††<p>, p<0.001, as determined by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's multiple comparison test when Vi⁺ are compared to Vi⁻ infected mice.