Dose-response curves of tunicamycin and thapsigargin on ER stress markers and mTORC1 pathway.

<p>Effect of increasing doses of tunicamycin (A) and thapsigargin (B) on BiP and IRE1α expression and PERK (Thr980), eIF2α (Ser51), PKB (Ser473) and S6K1 (Thr389) phosphorylation after 17 h incubation. Effect of low doses of tunicamycin (C) and thapsigargin (E) and high doses of tunicamycin (D) and thapsigargin (F) on CHOP, ATF4, XBP1s, XBP1l and TRB3 mRNA level after 17 h incubation. TN, tunicamycin; TG, thapsigargin; BiP, binding protein; IRE1α, inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha; PERK, protein kinase R-like ER protein kinase; eIF2α, eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha; PKB, protein kinase B; S6K1, ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1; CHOP, C/EBP (CCAAT/enhancer binding protein) homologous protein; ATF4, activating transcription factor 4; XBP1s, spliced X Box binding protein 1; XBP1u, unspliced X Box binding protein 1; TRB3, tribbles homolog 3.