Induction of abnormal programmed cell death in the nCT brain.

<p>A1, A2: Many TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells were found in Ki67-positive germinal zone in the LGE of E12.5 nCT brain (A2). Few TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells were found in the control T brain (A1). Note that Ki67-positive cells lining along the lateral ventricle (arrows) were significantly decreased in the nCT brain (A1, A2). B1, B2: Activated caspase-3 (AC3)-positive apoptotic cells (arrows) were detected in the germinal zone of LGE in E11.5 nCT brain (B2), but not in that of the T brain (B1). Note that the majority of AC3-positive cells were present in the region beyond the ventricular zone of nCT brain (VZ, B2). C1–C3: Scattered TUNEL-positive cells (asterisk) and TUNEL-positive cell clusters (arrows) with condensed DAPI-positive nuclei were present in E12.5 nCT LGE. Note that few TUNEL-positive cells were present in the VZ. The double-headed arrows indicate the width of VZ. Scale bars in A2 (for A1, A2), 100 µm; B1 (for B1, B2), 50 µm; C3 (for C1–C3), 20 µm.