Effect of 15d-PGJ₂ on ovariectomy-induced bone loss.

<p>OVX mice were subcutaneously injected with vehicle, 15d-PGJ₂, or E2 (10 μg/kg) for 10 weeks (<i>n</i> = 10). Sham-operated mice received vehicle alone (<i>n</i> = 10). (A) Bone morphometric parameters, including BMD, BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N, Th.Sp, and SMI, were measured using μCT analysis of the femora from mice. (B) 3D images of distal femora of mice were obtained from the reconstruction of μCT data (upper). Sagittal sections of distal femora from mice were stained with Goldner's trichrome. Bone trabeculae appear green, and bone marrow appears red. Stained sections were photographed using a light microscope (100x magnification). (C) Body weights of all mice were measured, and blood sera were collected from all mice for analyses of biochemical parameters. Serum levels of calcium, ALP, osteocalcin, TRAP, and CTX were evaluated using the respective kits as described in Materials and Methods. (D) Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were determined using specific ELISA kits. Data are expressed as the means ± SEM. ^#<i>P</i>< 0.05, ^##<i>P</i>< 0.01 vs. sham group. *<i>P</i><0.05, **<i>P</i><0.01 vs. OVX group.