The expression of the mRNA levels of IFN-α2, IFN-β1, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the hNPCs following infection with and without H5N1 virus by quantitative RT-PCR.

<p>The mRNA expressions of IFN-α2, IFN-β1, IFN-γ, and IL-6 were not significantly difference, while the mRNA level expression of TNF-α was observed to be significantly up-regulated at 48 hpi, compared to that of the control groups. Data are expressed as mean fold changes with standard error compared to untreated controls after normalization with GAPDH mRNA expressions. Asterisks indicated statistically significant differences (<i>p</i>-value<0.05).