T0 treatment significantly decreased soluble Aβ oligomers, but not amyloid plaque pathology in APP/E4/Abca1^+/- mice.

<p>Amyloid plaque pathology of mice shown on <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0172161#pone.0172161.g001" target="_blank">Fig 1</a> was assessed by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. <b>A,</b> Brain sections were stained with X-34 to visualize compact fibrillary amyloid plaques in vehicle and T0 treated APP/E3/Abca1^+/- and APP/E4/Abca1^+/- mice. Representative images of X-34 staining were captured at 10× magnification. <b>B,</b> X-34 positive amyloid plaques were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. There is no interaction between <i>APOE</i> genotype and T0 treatment and a significant main effect of <i>APOE</i> genotype (F (1, 55) = 34.7, p < 0.0001), but not of T0 treatment. N = 14–16 mice per group. N.S., not significant. <b>C,</b> Brain sections were stained with anti-Aβ antibody, 6E10, to visualize diffuse and compact (total) amyloid plaques in vehicle and T0 treated APP/E3/Abca1^+/- and APP/E4/Abca1^+/- mice. Representative images of 6E10 staining are shown (10× magnification). <b>D,</b> 6E10 positive amyloid plaque load analyzed by two-way ANOVA. There is no interaction between <i>APOE</i> genotype and T0 treatment and a significant main effect of <i>APOE</i> genotype (F(1, 19) = 4.41, p = 0.049), but not of T0 treatment. N = 5–6 mice per group. N.S., not significant. <b>E,</b> T0 treatment significantly decreases Aβ oligomers in APP/E4/Abca1^+/- mice. RIPA fraction was evaluated for soluble Aβ by Aβ oligomer ELISA. Analysis by two-way ANOVA revealed an interaction between <i>APOE</i> genotype and T0 treatment (F(1, 32) = 4.82, p = 0.036). Sidak’s post-test demonstrated a significant difference between vehicle treated APP/E3/Abca1^+/- and APP/E4/Abca1^+/- mice (***, p<0.001) and T0 and vehicle treated APP/E4/Abca1^+/- mice (*, p<0.05). N = 6–10 mice per group. <b>F,</b> T0 has no effect on full-length APP. For all panels the data are means ±SEM.