Poučevanje basni v nižjih razredih osnovne šole

The aim of this paper is to explore the ways in which fables can help pupils in the junior grades of primary school develop their oral and written skills. It is written from a cognitive perspective within literary studies, focusing on a study of animal characters and morals in fables and researching the cognitive operations that result in hybrid animal characters. It also focuses on the universal character of morals, which can be viewed as an outcome of the process of conceptual integration. Addressing the universal nature of the main characters appearing in fables, as well as the universal issues expressed in their morals, the article looks at several possibilities for follow-up classroom activities. By devising extra activities aimed at developing their pupils% language skills, teachers of Croatian and English can motivate pupils to apply the topics in fables to everyday situations, thus encouraging them to develop their language skills as well as their capacity for judgement, character identification and value formation.Namen prispevka je preučiti različne možnosti za uporabo basni pri razvijanju govorne in pisne zmožnosti v nižjih razredih osnovne šole. Izhajamo iz kognitivne perspektive v okviru literarnih ved in se osredotočamo tako na analizo živalskih literarnih likov in moralnih naukov kot tudi na kognitivne procese, ki izhajajo iz hibridnih živalskih likov. Ravno tako je poudarjen univerzalni značaj moralnih naukov kot posledica procesa konceptualne integracije. V prispevku so predstavljene različne možnosti za dejavnosti po branju basni v razredu, ki temeljijo na analizi univerzalne narave glavnih likov v basni in univerzalnih tem, ki izhajajo iz moralnih naukov. S pomočjo dodatnih dejavnosti in nalog, katerih cilj je razvijanje jezikovnih zmožnosti, lahko učitelji učence pri pouku hrvaščine kot prvega in angleščine kot drugega jezika motivirajo za uporabo tem v basnih v vsakdanjih situacijah ter na ta način razvijajo njihove jezikovne zmožnosti in obenem sposobnosti presojanja, prepoznavanja značajev in oblikovanja vrednot