A FAIRY TALE AND A CHILD FROM THE ASPECT OF A HERO OF ORAL-LITERARY AND FILM FAIRY TALE

U ovome radu nastojali smo pobliže pokazati kako bajka utječe na odgoj i razvoj predškolskoga djeteta s aspekta likova, odnosno junaka i junakinja, u usmenoknjiževnoj i filmskoj bajci. Junaci usmene bajke s velikom moći prilagodbe prešli su u umjetničku bajku i fantastičnu priču, a iz medija jezika u druge medije: strip, film i računalne igre. Stroga podjela likova na dobre i zle pružaju djeci informaciju o iskonskom prisuću zla, potrebi da se opredijeli i nadu da zlo mogu pobijediti oni koji su uporni i mudri. Bajka uči dijete pozitivnim osobinama (strpljenje, požrtvovnost, istinoljubivost) i kako se nositi, odnosno potisnuti negativne osobine (pohlepa, zavist, laž, škrtost), dat će prve spoznaje o strahu, ljubavi i osjećaju pobjede. Bajka je prvi dom emocionalne inteligencije. Igra pruža djeci mogućnost poistovjećivanja i pretvaranja u nekoga kome se dive, a podjelom na dobre i zle, heroje i antiheroje, jasan model za imitaciju. Kreativnom igrom djeca izmišljaju nove situacije, prizore i i zaplete, razvijaju motoričke i govorne sposobnosti, uče rješavati probleme i prepreke te surađivati s drugima, uče se ljubavi, empatiji, istini i pravdi.The object of this article is to indicate how a fairy tale affects the education and development of a pre-school child from the aspect of the characters, namely heroes and heroines, in an oral-literary and film fairy tale. Heroes of oral fairy tales, owing to their great ability to adapt, have transited into artistic fairy tales and fantastic stories, and from the language medium into other types of media: comics, film and computer games. A strict division of characters into good and bad offers children information on the primordial presence of evil, the necessity to take sides and the hope that the persistent and wise can defeat evil. A fairy tale teaches the child positive characteristics (patience, devotion, veracity) and how to cope with or suppress negative characteristics (greed, jealousy, deceit, avarice). It will offer the first cognition of fear, love and the feeling of victory. A fairy tale is the first home of emotional intelligence. Playing gives children the possibility of identification and conversion into somebody they admire, and division into good and bad, heroes and antiheroes, a clear model to imitate. Through creative playing children contrive new situations, scenes and plots, they develop their motor and speech abilities, learn to solve problems and overcome obstacles and to cooperate with others and they learn love, empathy, truth and justice