International audienceTechnological and use wear analyses conducted on bone industries from Khirokitia and Cap Andreas-Kastros, two key sites for the late Aceramic Neolithic period in Cyprus (Culture of Khirokitia - 7th-6th millennium cal.B.C), bring new data: the large exploitation of the fallow deer, the large proportion of needles and the preferential and continuous use of percussion and grinding for tool manufacture, which show that these bone industries evolved in a closed environment without any regular contacts with the mainland. These data confirm the knowledge on the mechanisms of formation of the Neolithic period in Cyprus which mention the progressive isolation of the communities from the end of the 9th millennium cal. B.C and th...