A Cross-cultural study of university student mental health in China and Japan

中国と日本の大学生のストレス状態とそれらに影響を及ばす要因を把握するために,577人(中国:359人,日本:218人)を対象にストレッサーとストレス反応の調査を行った。日本語版とそれを翻訳した中国語版の質問紙を使用し,統計分析を行った。その結果,① 中国と日本の学生はともに,最も強く実存的ストレッサーを感じている② 日本では,実存的ストレッサーは男性,内向性,心理相談を受けた人の方が,有意に高い③ 「入学動機」要因は,中国では<教養の獲得>動機の人が最もストレス反応が低い④ 「学年」要因は,中国では4年時,日本では3年時にストレス反応が高い⑤ 「心理相談の有無」要因では,中国と日本共に,心理相談を受けた人の方がストレス反応が高い等が明らかになった。以上から,青年期特有の発達課題に基づくストレッサーは両国間で共通しているが,ストレスに対する反応の仕方は社会的・文化的影響を受けて,異なった現れ方をすることが考えられた。In order to understand the current status of university student stress in China and Japan, and factors that influence stress, surveys about stressors and stress responses were administered to 577 persons (359 Chinese and 218 Japanese university students). We used an original Japanese questionnaire and a version translated into Chinese. Statistical analysis produced the following results: (1) the strongest stressors for both Chinese and Japanese students were existential; (2) in Japan, significantly higher levels of existential stressors were observed in males, the introverted, and those who had experienced counseling; (3) regarding the factor of Enrollment Motive, in China, those who reported "acquisition of educational sophistication" showed the lowest levels of stress response; (4) regarding the factor of School Year, high levels of stress response were observed among senior students in China and junior students in Japan; (5) for the factor of Counseling Experience, in both countries, higher levels of stress response were observed among those who had experienced counseling. Thus, while both countries share common stressors that are based on the developmental tasks of adolescence, stress responses differ due to social and cultural influences