The history and present state of the local co-management fishery in Kyotango city, Kyoto prefecture

日本海に面する京都府京丹後市の漁業に注目する。同市は、沖合での間人(たいざ)ガニ漁で有名であるとともに、沿岸での地域共同管理漁業の歴史が長い。本研究ノートでは、先ず近世以来の同市の漁業史、および明治漁業法・昭和漁業法に見る日本の漁業制度の変遷を略述する。次に現在の同市における漁業権に基づく沿岸と久美浜湾での操業に焦点をあて、京都府漁業協同組合(府漁協)の二つの支所、府漁協に合併せず独立を保っている湊漁協、および二つの漁業生産組合の活動の特徴を論じる。最後に、ズワイガニなど沖合での漁に関する、近年の国レベルでのTAC(漁獲可能量制度)の導入とその京丹後漁業への影響にふれる。Kyotango city, located on the Sea of Japan coast, in Kyoto prefecture, is famous for its offshore snow crab (Taiza crab) fishery and has a long history of coastal co-management fishing. In this paper, we first summarize the history of the fishing industries in the city in the early modern era and the changes in the Japanese fishery systems that were brought about by the Meiji and Showa Fishery Acts. Second, focusing on the present rights-based fisheries in the Kyotango city coast and Kumihama Bay areas, we discuss the characteristics of the activities of two branches of the Fishery Cooperative Association of Kyoto Prefecture (JF Kyoto), as well as the independent Minato Fishery Cooperative Association, and two fishery production associations. Finally, we examine how the TAC (Total Allowable Catch) system was recently introduced in Japan for offshore industries such as the snow crab fishery, and focus on this system\u27s effects on the fisheries in the Kyotango city area.研究ノート(Note