A contrastive analysis of the translation of humour in Slovene and Japanese in Shakespeare’s comedy Twelfth Night

V magistrskem delu je analizirano prevajanje humorja v slovenščino in japonščino na podlagi Shakespearovega dela Dvanajsta noč s pomočjo Attardove splošne teorije besednega humorja (GTVH) ter prevajalskih pristopov Petra Newmarka in Christiane Nord. S pomočjo kontrastivne analize prevajanja dveh slovenskih in dveh japonskih prevodov so raziskani znotrajbesedilni in zunajbesedilni dejavniki, vključno s kulturnimi vplivi. Analiza prav tako zajema filološka, jezikoslovna, interpretativna in kulturna vprašanja prevajanja ter njihov vpliv na prevode. Glede na analizo so za prevajanje obravnavanega dela problemi filološke in interpretativne narave zanemarljivi. Bolj relevantni so jezikoslovni problemi, povezani z raznolikostjo besednih pomenov in konotacij. Izzivi se pojavljajo tudi pri kulturnem prenosu, med drugim pri kulturni koherentnosti, neujemanju kulturnih značilnosti in kulturnozgodovinskih značilnosti Shakespearovih del. Rezultati kontrastivne analize vedenjskih resursov kažejo, da humor v obravnavanem delu v večji meri temelji na nasprotovanju scenarijev in pogosto vključuje mešanje likov in besedne igre. Analiza prevodov kaže na to, da prevajalci pri prevajanju uporabljajo različne jezikovne pristope in sloge, pri čemer so starejši prevodi bolj zvesti izvirnemu jeziku. Rezultati analize kažejo na to, da ima slovenščina v splošnem več jezikovnih in kulturnih podobnosti, zaradi česar so tudi prevodi bolj podobni izvirniku v primerjavi z japonščino, kjer so v določenih primerih odstopanja velika. Kljub temu pa je odstopanje med slovenskimi in japonskimi prevodi relativno majhno, kar kaže na to, da lahko kljub pomanjkanju določenih jezikovnih struktur japonski jezik le-te nadomesti s pomensko bolj ali manj enakimi ustreznicami z občasnimi pomanjkljivostmi.This master’s thesis analyses the translation of humour into Slovene and Japanese on the basis of Shakespeare\u27s Twelfth Night using Attardo\u27s General Theory of Verbal Humour (GTVH) and the translation approaches of Peter Newmark and Christiane Nord. Intra-textual and extra-textual factors, including cultural influences, are investigated by means of a contrastive analysis of the translation of two Slovenian and two Japanese translations. The analysis also covers philological, linguistic, interpretative and cultural issues of translation and their impact on the translations. The analysis shows that philological and interpretative problems are negligible for the translation of the present work. Linguistic problems related to the diversity of word meanings and connotations are of greater relevance. Challenges also arise in cultural transmission, including cultural coherence, the incommensurability of cultural characteristics and the cultural-historical characteristics of Shakespeare\u27s works. The results of the contrastive analysis of knowledge resources show that the humour in the work is based to a greater extent on script contrast and often involves mixing of characters and word play. The analysis of the translations shows that the translators use different linguistic approaches and styles in their translations, with the older translations being more faithful to the language of the original. The results of the analysis show that Slovene generally has more linguistic and cultural similarities, which also makes the translations more similar to the original, compared to Japanese, where in some cases there are large discrepancies. Nevertheless, the discrepancy between the Slovenian and Japanese translations is relatively small, which shows that, despite the lack of certain linguistic structures, the Japanese language is able to compensate for them with more or less semantically identical equivalents, with occasional shortcomings