The issue of capital account openness and its macroeconomic consequences, in particular on economic growth, financial stability and fiscal discipline, has stimulated an intense interest in academia and policy debates in emerging and developing countries. This article first addresses the importance of capital account liberalization and, second, it explains the key concepts of international financial integration (IFI) and focuses on measurement and quantification issues. Third, it describes major trends in capital account openness and financial integration over the past three decades. Finally, the article briefly reviews the main works on the effect of the IFI on long-term economic growth. We conclude that following the global financial crisi...