Contemporary treatment options for male hypogonadism

SOJKA, Paweł, POPIOŁEK, Joanna, SZCZERBA, Jakub, POKORA, Szymon, STEFANOWICZ, Agata, POKŁADNIK, Dominika, JELEŃ, Katarzyna, POKORA, Karolina, PODSIEDLIK, Adam and POLOCZEK, Alicja. Contemporary treatment options for male hypogonadism. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2023;25(1):107-119. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2023.25.01.010 https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/44763 https://zenodo.org/record/8173576 The journal has had 40 points in Ministry of Education and Science of Poland parametric evaluation. Annex to the announcement of the Minister of Education and Science of December 21, 2021. No. 32343. Has a Journal's Unique Identifier: 201159. Scientific disciplines assigned: Physical Culture Sciences (Field of Medical sciences and health sciences); Health Sciences (Field of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences). Punkty Ministerialne z 2019 - aktualny rok 40 punktów. Załącznik do komunikatu Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z dnia 21 grudnia 2021 r. Lp. 32343. Posiada Unikatowy Identyfikator Czasopisma: 201159. Przypisane dyscypliny naukowe: Nauki o kulturze fizycznej (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu); Nauki o zdrowiu (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu). © The Authors 2023; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 27.06.2023. Revised: 20.07.2023. Accepted: 20.07.2023. Published: 25.07.2023. Contemporary treatment options for male hypogonadism 1.Paweł Sojka pawel.sojka@sum.edu.pl Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1065-6316 2.Joanna Popiołek popiolek.joanna@o2.pl Szpital Specjalistyczny im. Ludwika Rydygiera w Krakowie https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0660-8463 3.Jakub Szczerba JAKUB.SZCZERBA@o2.pl Szpital Zakonu Bonifratrów pw. Aniołów Stróżów w Katowicach https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3872-3488 4.Szymon Pokora szymonpokora@interia.pl Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny nr 5 im. św. Barbary w Sosnowcu Centrum urazowe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1250-6282 5.Agata Stefanowicz agata.stefanowicz@interia.pl Szpital Zakonu Bonifratrów pw. Aniołów Stróżów w Katowicach https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0702-579X 6.Dominika Pokładnik dominika_med@op.pl Górnośląskie Centrum Medyczne im. prof. Leszka Gieca Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Katowicach https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9132-7425 7.Katarzyna Jeleń katarzyna.jelen@onet.pl Szpital Zakonu Bonifratrów pw. Aniołów Stróżów w Katowicach https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1166-526X 8.Karolina Pokora koziel.karolina778@gmail.com Szpital Zakonu Bonifratrów pw. Aniołów Stróżów w Katowicach https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8214-4476 9.Adam Podsiedlik adam.podsiedlik27@gmail.com Wojewódzki Szpital Specjalistyczny Megrez Sp. z o.o. https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2735-0905 10.Alicja Poloczek alicja.poloczek7@gmail.com Szpital Specjalistyczny im. Ludwika Rydygiera w Krakowie https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6539-5290 Keywords: Hypogonadism, testosterone, androgens, therapy, andrology, sexology Abstract Introduction Male hypogonadism is a disease in which testicular function is impaired. Its symptoms are due to testosterone deficiency and most of them show low specificity. These include reduced libido, erectile dysfunction and mood disorders, among others. The biochemical indicator of hypogonadism is a testosterone concentration below 350 ng/ml (12nmol/L), according to the European Association of Urology (EAU). The increased incidence of hypogonadism is associated with aging and the presence of comorbidities such as type II diabetes and obesity. Men with testosterone deficiency have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death. Goals Summary of current reports on the diagnosis and treatment of hypogonadism. An overview of the advantages and disadvantages of the different types of formulations used in testosterone replacement therapy. Methods Review of literature available in PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Conclusions The medical interview, physical examination and ancillary tests help to classify hypogonadism appropriately. Measuring the concentration of gonadotropins, helps diversify primary from secondary hypogonadism. Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) uses formulations that have varying release profiles, route of administration and drug formulation. The choice of testosterone product should involve age, lifestyle, and individual preferences of the patient