Hypothyroidism: clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment

Wojtachnio Dominika, Osiejewska Aleksandra, Bartoszewicz Jakub, Grądzik Anna, Nowakowska Izabela, Kudan Małgorzata, Gorajek Anna, Mikut Karolina . Hypothyroidism: clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2022;12(8):650-660. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2022.12.08.067 https://apcz.umk.pl/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2022.12.08.067 https://zenodo.org/record/7012230 The journal has had 40 points in Ministry of Education and Science of Poland parametric evaluation. Annex to the announcement of the Minister of Education and Science of December 21, 2021. No. 32343. Has a Journal's Unique Identifier: 201159. Scientific disciplines assigned: Physical Culture Sciences (Field of Medical sciences and health sciences); Health Sciences (Field of Medical Sciences and Health Sciences). Punkty Ministerialne z 2019 - aktualny rok 40 punktów. Załącznik do komunikatu Ministra Edukacji i Nauki z dnia 21 grudnia 2021 r. Lp. 32343. Posiada Unikatowy Identyfikator Czasopisma: 201159. Przypisane dyscypliny naukowe: Nauki o kulturze fizycznej (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu); Nauki o zdrowiu (Dziedzina nauk medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu). © The Authors 2022; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 05.08.2022. Revised: 07.08.2022. Accepted: 20.08.2022. Hypothyroidism: clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment Dominika Wojtachnio1, Aleksandra Osiejewska1, Jakub Bartoszewicz1, Anna Grądzik1, Izabela Nowakowska2, Małgorzata Kudan3, Anna Gorajek3, Karolina Mikut4 1. University Clinical Center, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland 2. Wolski Hospital Dr. Anna Gostyńska, 01-2011, Warsaw, Poland 3. Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, 02-507, Warsaw, Poland 4. Collegium Medicum Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-067, Toruń, Poland Corresponding author: Dominika Wojtachnio: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1536-8268; wojtachnio.d@gmail.com ORCID ID and e-mail: Dominika Wojtachnio: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1536-8268; wojtachnio.d@gmail.com Aleksandra Osiejewska: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1729-9905; aleksandraosiejewska@gmail.com Jakub Bartoszewicz: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1775-5648; kuba.bartoszewicz123@gmail.com Anna Grądzik: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8457-5172; anna.gradzik123@gmail.com Izabela Nowakowska: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3729-3359; iza.nowakowska77@gmail.com Małgorzata Kudan: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6463-6735; malgorzata.kudan@gmail.com Anna Gorajek: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8043-2246; agorajek@vp.pl Karolina Mikut: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7022-581X; karolina.mikut@gmail.com ABSTRACT Introduction and purpose: Hypothyroidism is a common disorder of the endocrine system in which the thyroid gland is not able to produce enough of certain thyroid hormones. Brief description of the state of knowledge: The prevalence of hypothyroidism is between 1 and 6% and it is more common in women and older adults. Untreated significantly decreases the quality of life and increases mortality. Symptoms of hypothyroidism are nonspecific and may be confused with signs of other clinical conditions. The most common symptoms are chronic tiredness and fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, dry skin and hair loss. Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is the primary screening test for thyroid disfunction. Standard treatment for hypothyroidism consists of thyroid hormone replacement called levothyroxine. Conclusion: This article reviews basic informations, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of hypothyroidism. Keywords: hypothyroidism, thyroid disease, levothyroxine, TSH, thyroid hormones, thyroid