Analysis of the Gradual Synthetic Inertia Control on Low-Inertia Power Systems

The imminent transformation of the power grid with the large inclusion of renewable resources is bringing new challenges to face on. These challenges include an inertia diminution causing drastic changes in the frequency response. This paper analyses the impact of the gradual synthetic inertial control inclusion in the Nordic system as a possible remedial action to contribute in the primary frequency response. Additionally, it proposes slightly changes in the typical synthetic inertial controller to not only reduce the nadir but in the overshoot. Furthermore, the effect of proportional wind power curtailment in improvement of primary frequency response is assessed. Finally, several scenarios for the inertial controller and adjustments are tested in the Nordic 32 test system.