Modelling of Synthetic Inertia

The Transmission System Operators (TSOs) are now imposing strict technical requirements on the wind turbines, due to the high penetration of wind energy in the power system. One requirement being that the wind farms provide frequency control in the event of mismatch between the load and power generation for the reliable and secure operation of the power system. This thesis focuses on implementing, testing and analysing control techniques, for both Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) and Full Power Converter (FPC) wind turbines, which can extract the kinetic energy available from the rotating parts of the wind turbine and utilise it to improve the inertial response of the system and consequently the frequency stability of the power system. The technique of adding an additional power control loop in the wind turbine model is first implemented on a small one-bus power system having only one synchronous machine and later on a rough model of the Nordic Power system. Significant improvements in frequency response are noticed in both cases along with limitations involved with the two wind turbine models. In case of DFIG wind turbine, certain abnormal responses are observed and highlighted. Additionally, possible reasons and ways of mitigating these in the Simpow model has been discussed