USP12 regulated IFI16-STING-mediated antiviral response by targeting at IFI16.

(A) Luciferase reporter assays analyzing IFN-β promoter activity of HEK293 cells co-transfected with USP12 and indicated RNA/DNA sensors for 36 hours. RNA or DNA sensor and downstream pathway including RIG-1/MAVS/IRF3/IRF7, cGAS-STING-TBKI, TLR9/Myd88, IFI16/STING, and DDX41/STING. (B) Luciferase reporter assays analyzing IFN-β, ISRE and NF-κB promoter activity of HEK293T cells transfected with IFI16 or STING plasmids and increasing doses of expression vector for USP12. (C) WT and Usp12-/- BMDM cells were transfected with increasing doses of cGAMP before undergoing ELISA analysis of the production of IFN-β and IL-6. (D)THP-1 Mφ transfected with control or USP12-specific siRNA were transfected with increasing doses of cGAMP. The production of IFN-β and IL-6 was determined by ELISA. Data shown are the mean ±SD. *P P P < 0.001. Ns, no significant. Data are representative of three independent experiments with similar results.