After pulling a tooth when aesthetics play a role, there is a tendency to place a dental implant immediately after pulling the tooth, preferably in combination with a temporary crown. This tendency is probably related to evolving society factors, with more demanding patients and a wish for an aesthetic and direct result. In two randomized clinical trials (80 patients in total) is the treatment outcome investigated of the immediate placed dental implants into major and minor bone defects after the tooth has been pulled. The number of operations was hereby reduced to 1 or 2 instead of 2 or 3, depending on the bony defect.The treatment outcome was expressed in different outcome measures. Outcome measures were the survival rate of implants, cha...