Plasma concentrations of immune and endothelial activation biomarkers at study enrolment in healthy community controls, pneumonia cases discharged alive, and pneumonia cases who died during hospital stay.

Boxplots with median and interquartile range. Whiskers represent one and a half times the interquartile range, and outliers are plotted as individual points. Concentrations are in pg/mL, except CRP in μg/mL. p-values were computed using the Mann-Whitney U test. *p<0.05, **<0.01; ***p<0.001; ns: non-significant. Abbreviations: Angpt-2 (angiopoietin-2), CRP (C-reactive protein), IL-6 (interleukin-6), IL-8 (interleukin-8), PCT (procalcitonin), sFlt-1 (soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1), sTNFR1 (soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor), sTREM-1 (soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1).