Factores en el pronóstico de mortalidad en pacientes con hemorragia intracerebral espontánea

Introduction: spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is considered, among all strokes, the one having the most devastating effect, the estimated mortality rate per month ranges between 35 and 52 %.Objective: to determine the factors that influence 30-day mortality rate in patients with Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage.Methods: a cross-sectional, analytical, observational study conducted at Dr. Carlos Juan Finlay Military Hospital over a period of 3 years (2017 to 2019). The target group comprised 75 patients. Demographic, clinical and tomographic variables were studied. Descriptive statistics was applied: absolute and relative frequency, arithmetic mean and standard deviation; along with inferential statistics: logistic regression using the Odds Ratio with a 95 % confidence interval, for a positive significance on p <0.05.Results: the age group from 48 to 75 years prevailed with 45 patients (60 %), male sex 44 patients (58. 7%), and white race 33 (44 %). Hypertension predominated as the main antecedent in 61 patients (81. 3 %). Significantly positive results were obtained for ages over 80 (p = 0,001); the severe state according to Glasgow Coma Scale (p = 0,005); the presence of ventricular extension (p = 0,001) and treatment with oral anticoagulants (p = 0.023).Conclusions: intracerebral hemorrhage is evidence for extensive mortality rates. People over 80 years old, treated with oral anticoagulants have a higher risk of death due to this entity. Ventricular extension and a low score on the Glasgow Coma Scale worsen the prognosis.Introducción: la hemorragia intracerebral espontánea se considera, entre todos los ictus, el efecto más devastador, la mortalidad mensual estimada, oscila entre el 35 y el 52 %.Objetivo: determinar los factores que influyen en la mortalidad, a los 30 días, en pacientes con hemorragia intracerebral espontánea.Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional analítico transversal en el Hospital Dr. Carlos Juan Finlay, en un periodo de tres años. El universo lo constituyeron 75 pacientes. Se estudiaron variables demográficas, clínicas y tomográficas. Se aplicaron estadígrafos descriptivos: frecuencia absoluta y relativa, media y desviación típica; y estadígrafos inferenciales: regresión logística mediante el Odds Ratio con intervalo de confianza del 95 %, para una significación positiva al ser p