The bachelor's thesis deals with the evaluation of the impact of the transformation from a centrally planned economy to a market economy in the new federal states in comparison with the Czech Republic. This thesis aims to evaluate whether the transition to a market economy had different or identical impacts on the labor market in both compared territorial units. The work is divided into three chapters. In the first chapter, I deal with economic restructuring in general, i.e., the situation on the compared labor markets and the structure of sectors in the economy before and after the transformation. The second chapter is devoted to the institutional environment affecting the labor market. In this part of my thesis, I describe the policy on t...