Augmented Reality in primary education: New learning opportunities for students with learning difficulties in mathematics education

Although there are manifold connections between mathematics, foremost geometry, and the real-world (e.g., architecture, arts, functional objects), integration seldom happens in daily learning lessons in mathematics primary education. Learning three-dimensional geometric shapes, for example, is mainly done in a two-dimensional setting using textbooks instead of three-dimensional settings using technology or didactical material. This circumstance, however, makes it far more difficult for students with learning difficulties in mathematics to understand mathematical properties, recognize shapes in the real world, and understand the possibilities of modulating shapes. Students with learning difficulties learn efficient strategies to apply mathematics to their environment when shapes and connections are visualized with Augmented Reality within the real world. Based on several experiences and studies, we will present and discuss learning mathematics with Augmented Reality in primary education for students with learning difficulties