Gender homophily in graduate training.

(A) Gender ratio of all PhD students from 2000 to 2020, split across broad academic fields and mentor gender. Colors indicate mentor’s gender. Field abbreviations are reported in the legend. (B) Temporal trends in homophily, the tendency toward same-gender pairing between trainees and mentors. Each panel shows data from one major field. Lines show a linear regression of homophily as a function of graduation year. P values indicate significance of temporal trend. (C) Homophily within narrow research areas (n = 73 areas). Solid line indicates median. The data and code needed to generate this figure are available on Zenodo (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4722020).