Nullity by operation of law due to expiration of the reasonable term and effective judicial protection in Colombia: a critique of conflicting case law interpretations

La presente investigación se ocupará de i) conocer el desarrollo legal, jurisprudencial y doctrinal del concepto de plazo razonable en Colombia, ii) definir el alcance del plazo razonable frente a la garantía constitucional de la tutela judicial efectiva, iii) estudiar las principales teorías doctrinales en torno a las nulidades procesales, iv) identificar los principales argumentos jurídicos que fundamentan las interpretaciones jurisprudenciales acerca de la nulidad de pleno derecho consagrada en el artículo 121 del Código General del Proceso y v) lograr formular críticas a las interpretaciones jurisprudenciales acerca de la nulidad de pleno derecho consagrada en el artículo 121 del Código General del Proceso, para llegar finalmente, a determinar cuál de las dos interpretaciones jurisprudenciales acerca del carácter saneable o insaneable de la nulidad de pleno derecho por vencimiento del plazo razonable consagrada en el artículo 121 del Código General del Proceso, resulta más acorde con la garantía constitucional de la tutela judicial efectiva, puesto que en virtud del principio lógico de no contradicción, solo una de las dos posturas podría ser correcta al interior del sistema jurídico colombiano, logrando satisfacer criterios de corrección, ya sea constitucional o legal.The present research will be concerned with i) knowing the legal, jurisprudential and doctrinal development of the concept of reasonable term in Colombia, ii) defining the scope of reasonable of the concept of reasonable time in Colombia, ii) to define the scope of the reasonable time in relation to the constitutional the constitutional guarantee of effective judicial protection, iii) to study the main doctrinal theories regarding procedural the main doctrinal theories on procedural nullities, iv) identify the main legal arguments that underlie the interpretations the main legal arguments underlying the jurisprudential interpretations of the nullity of procedural nullity enshrined in article 121 of the nullity enshrined in article 121 of the General Procedural Code, and v) to formulate criticisms of the jurisprudential the jurisprudential interpretations on the nullity of full nullity enshrined in article 121 of the General Code of the in Article 121 of the General Procedural Code, in order to finally determine which of the two jurisprudential which of the two jurisprudential interpretations on the sanitizable or non-cancellable character of the nullity of full of nullity by operation of law due to the expiration of the reasonable term established in Article 121 of the General Code of the the constitutional guarantee of effective judicial protection, since, by virtue of the principle of the the logical principle of non-contradiction, only one of the two positions could be correct within the the two positions could be correct within the Colombian legal system, thus satisfying criteria of correctness, either constitutional or criteria of correctness, whether constitutional or legal