A Study on Korea's Job Index (2011)

본 연구의 목적을 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 우리나라의 직업을 객관적으로 설명할 수 있는 직업지표의 구성 요소를 도출하여 직업지표의 틀을 구성한다. 둘째, 직업지표의 틀에 따라 엔지니어· 건설· 생산 분야의 주요 직업을 대상으로 현직자 조사를 실시하여 직업지표를 구한다. 셋째, 직업지표 조사 결과를 중심으로 여성과 고령자의 취업, 기능· 기술계 직업의 위상, 신생직업 등 직업과 관련된 주요 쟁점을 토의하고 정책 제언을 이끌어 낸다. 넷째, 국민들에게 직업의 양적· 질적 속성을 풀어 소개하는 직업정보서 『2011 한국의 이공계 직업지표』를 편찬한다. 본 보고서와는 별도로 『2011 한국의 이공계 직업지표』를 연구자료로 편찬하였다.1. Purpose of Study This study attempted to provide occupational information to support career choices by investigating and analyzing conditions and prospects of Korean major occupations. In other words, the aim of this study was to develop and disseminate useful occupational information that could be a guide when choosing a job. An Occupational index, developed in this study, covers labor market information, such as employment, wages, and the ratio of full-time positions, as well as the qualitative properties of occupations(e.g., employment stability, career growth prospects, professionalism, etc.). Detailed objectives of this study are as follows: First, construct the frame for an occupational index, after extracting factors which can objectively explain Korean occupational properties. Second, according to the frame, conduct a survey of major occupations in engineering, construction, and production occupations to obtain an occupational index. Third, discuss key issues regarding occupations, such as careers for women and the elderly, and newly created occupations, then derive a policy agenda. Fourth, publish a ？2011Korean occupational index？？ which accounts for qualitative and quantitative properties of occupations. 2. Method This study consists of five major stages: construct the frame of the occupational index analysis, conduct a survey based on the Korean occupational index, analyze the results and issues, develop a policy agenda based on the results, and present the occupational index and policy agenda. The methods used in each stage of the study consist of data survey and analysis, experts conference, an occupational index survey, statistical analysis, and a seminar. This project will be continued for 5 years. In this year, the first year of the project, we have carried out the index survey of engineering, construction, and production occupations and analyzed the issues regarding occupations based on the results. A questionnaire for occupation experts is composed of fundamental index items and application index items. The contents of fundamental index items consists of seven evaluation areas(2 - 6 questions respectively, total 23 questions) including compensation, employment prospects, employment stability, career growth prospects, working conditions, professionalism, and employment equality. The contents of application index items are composed of re-entry prospects, academic ability, job sameness, core competency and newborn occupations. 3. Korean occupational index We summarized the results of the Korean occupation index focusing on the fundamental index. The fundamental index consists of basic information to understand properties of occupations and help people to choose a job. At first, we explained the results of descriptive statistics regarding the fundamental index at the present time, and described the results of cross analysis between major parts. Then we examined occupations expected to have a higher or lower occupational index 10 years later. According to the results, petrochemical technicians and researchers currently have the highest occupational index. Computer system/network security specialists are predicted to have the highest occupational index 10 years later. 4. Analysis of occupation properties(by job classification) FGI was used in this study to compensate for the results of the occupational index and understand the world of work profoundly. There are several characteristics in terms of occupations expected to be better 10 years later. First, environmental issues and strict regulations will make the index high for related occupations. Engineer water pollution environmental and engineer air pollution environmental could be examples. Second, occupations that can fulfill higher value-added business expectations showed greater prospect. Bio-engineers, food technologists, textile engineers are primary occupations that will produce higher values. Third, among essential human resources, there are several occupations valuable because of the irrarity. As production processes have become automated, a person who has know-how about automated systems will be in high demand. Metalplaters, and chemical process/production occupations could be examples. Finally, there are occupations that will have better prospects due to automation. Growing demand for mechanical engineering occupations will continue in concert with automation trends of industries.요약 제1장 서 론 1 제1절 연구의 필요성 및 목적 3 제2절 연구방법과 연구범위 5 제3절 용어의 정의 11 제2장 한국의 직업지표 연구방법 15 제1절 선행연구 검토 17 제2절 직업지표의 구성 29 제3절 직업지표 조사 방법 33 제4절 조사 결과 타당성 검토 42 제5절 FGI 실시방법 45 제3장 한국의 직업지표 47 제1절 기초 직업지표 49 제2절 영역별 직업지표 53 제3절 주요 영역 간 교차비교 65 제4절 10년 후의 직업 전망 75 제5절 소결 102 제4장 직종별 특성 분석 107 제1절 건설 관련직 110 제2절 기계, 재료 관련직 116 제3절 화학, 섬유 및 의복 관련 관련직 130 제4절 전기 전자, 정보통신 관련직 142 제5절 식품가공, 환경 인쇄 목재 가구 공예 및 단순 생산 관련직 156 제6절 소결 168 제5장 주요 쟁점 분석 171 제1절 기업별 직무특성과 직업 173 제2절 학력과 직업 183 제3절 직업별 핵심역량 200 제4절 여성 유망직업 211 제5절 고령자 유망직업 221 제6절 신생직업 230 제6장 정책 제언 249 SUMMARY 279 참고문헌 283 부 록 289 <부록 1> 한국의 직업지표 개발을 위한 웹 조사 화면 291 <부록 2> 직업별 핵심역량 중요도 29