A Study on the Status of Operation and Improvement of Apprenticeship

본 연구의 목적은 일학습병행제의 운영 실태를 진단하고, 이를 통해 일학습병행제의 성공적인 정착·운영을 위한 개선 방안을 제안하는 데 있다. 이 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위한 세부 연구 목표는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 일학습병행제의 개념, 정책 동향 및 유사 제도와의 차이를 분석한다. 둘째, 일학습병행제의 운영 실태를 진단한다. 셋째, 일학습병행제의 운영 사례를 분석한다. 넷째, 일학습병행제의 성공적인 정착·운영을 위한 개선 방안을 제안한다.1. Overview The purpose of this study is to suggest the improvement for successful operation of Korean apprenticeship through examining the status of operation of current apprenticeship system. The specific purpose of this research is to do the following: 1) Analyse the concept, policy stream and the difference between similar system 2) Examine the status of operation of apprenticeship system 3) Investigate the operation cases of apprenticeship 4) Suggest the improvement strategy for successful apprenticeship system 2. Research Method This study reviews academic literature and performs FGI, case study, expert meeting, and seminar in order to meet the purpose. The literature review focuses on the concept, the components, progress and current status of apprenticeship. Also it analyses similar system to apprenticeship and identifies the related policies and programs about apprenticeship. FGI was conducted to build the successful improvement strategy for apprenticeship through investigating the status of operation of current apprenticeship system. FGI was performed five times based on structured questionnaire. The first three interviews were for the status of operation and the second two interviews were for finding out the improvement of apprenticeship. The visit and interview for case study of company was performed to understand the company’s situation and develop the improvement of apprenticeship. The companies which joined the visit and interview was selected by criteriaavailable for visit and interview, participating in apprenticeship longer than 6 months. Also, it considers types and fields. The expert meeting was conducted to evaluate the validity of results for progress stages and to raise quality of the study. It consists of policy makers of government department and the experts of vocational education, training and qualifications. The seminar was performed to develop the strategy for improving apprenticeship through sharing the research results and discussing the core agenda. 3. Main Results 1) The Concept and Policy Trend of Apprenticeship, Comparison with Similar system Apprenticeship is defined as “a new educational, vocational system designed based on German and Swiss apprenticeship system. The in-company trainer teaches apprentices according to the text books based on NCS(National Competency Standards), while the training organization provides academic courses complementarily. It offers qualification after the apprentice completes the proper courses(Relevant Ministries, 2015: 1).” Meanwhile, the similar system to apprenticeship includes work-based learning such as ‘2·1 system of technical high school, internship, field practice’ and work first-then to college system such as commissioned education, contract department, college in company. The work first-then to college system differentiates from the apprenticeship in terms of focusing on getting degree of high school graduates jobholders. This study explains the similarities and differences of the related systems based on main components of vocational education and training. 2) The Status of Operation of Apprenticeship The status of operation of apprenticeship was analysed based on 5 FGI results and 9 cases of companies, and it consists of three aspectsdesign, operation and outcomes of system. In an aspect of designing system, a) purpose, b) governance, c) budget status were considered. In an aspect of operating system, a) selecting company and training center, b) development and verification of apprenticeship program, c) educating and managing in-company trainers and HRD staffs, d) recruiting apprentices, e) operating apprenticeship program, f) internal and external evaluation of apprentices, g) monitoring and consulting were reviewed. In an aspects of outcomes, a) economic outcomes, b) social outcomes, c) apprentices’ outcomes in labour market were considered.요 약 제1장 서 론_1 제1절 연구의 필요성 및 목적 3 제2절 연구의 내용 6 제3절 연구의 방법 9 제4절 용어의 정의 21 제2장 일학습병행제의 개념, 정책 동향 및 유사 제도와의 비교_23 제1절 일학습병행제의 개념 및 특징 25 제2절 일학습병행제 정책 추진 경과 및 현황 42 제3절 일학습병행제와 유사 제도 비교·분석 57 제3장 일학습병행제 운영 실태 진단_79 제1절 제도 설계 측면 82 제2절 제도 운영 측면 100 제3절 제도 성과 측면 155 제4절 종합 162 제4장 일학습병행제 개선 방안_167 제1절 일학습병행제 운영 개선을 위한 기본 방향과 전략 169 제2절 일학습병행제 운영 개선을 위한 추진과제 172 제3절 일학습병행제 참여 주체별 추진과제 227 SUMMARY_231 참고문헌_237 부록_241 1. FGI 질문 목록(1~3차 FGI) 243 2. FGI 질문 목록(4~5차 FGI) 247 3. 사례 분석 질문 목록 249 4. 일학습병행제 사례 분석 주요 결과 종합 255 5. 일학습병행제 사례 분석 대상 기업 일반 현황 259 6. 사례 분석 결과 종합(사업주) 261 7. 사례 분석 결과 종합(기업현장교사) 266 8. 사례 분석 결과 종합(학습근로자) 26