Summary This article describes calls for more participation and accountability to bring better government in countries receiving aid and suggests how donors could help. These calls are made because people are more educated, better informed, disillusioned with bad government, and moved by news of changes elsewhere and by the concerns of donors. Better government requires a balance between economic, social and political goals, and the political determination to act against corruption. Aid programmes need participatory and accountable management with project appraisals that value social and political, as well as economic, benefits. The article concludes with a portfolio of project proposals to help political leaders, give people voice, transf...