Education development in the context of social development paradigm : Implication for international education cooperation

1.はじめに 2.開発パラダイムの変遷 3.社会開発の視点から考察する教育開発 4.国際教育協力へ示唆するもの 5.事例 6.むすびEducation development used to be perceived primarily as an engine to promote economic growth. This approach assumes an effective manpower planning at the state level and validity of trickle-down theory to eradicate poverty. Numerous research evidences have challenged this claim. Social development paradigm offers an alternative development model for the development of education sector in developing countries. The pivot of social development is empowerment of the poor and the creation of society based on the principle of justice. Only by receiving education relevant to their life and living in a society free from \u22structural violence,\u22 can the poor and marginalized ensure security in their life. Japanese international education cooperation has reflected the changing shift of development paradigm. Though declining in the volume in absolute terms, the larger share of Japanese ODA, still the second largest in the world, is now allocated to the education sector development, particularly in basic education. More diversified and grass-roots actors including non-governmental organizations and local institutions are now involved in international education cooperation, and have demonstrated alternative education support models with more attention to social conditions of the poor. Also, as two case studies show, donors have begun to adopt a multi-sector approach to development at micro-level where education is synthesized with other sectors to bring about its best effect and sustainability. Despite its potential to the eradiation of poverty, however, the social development approach faces numerous challenges; diversity and democratic practice cost and require a sophisticated governance model. However, education reconstructed by the social development paradigm as opposed to a unitary education model should prove to be effective in the reduction of poverty in the long run with adherence to the principles of social justice, empowerment, social cohesion, and the human right to learn