INFLUENCE OF FATTENING FOODSTUFFS AND TEMPERATURE ON THE FOWL\u27S BODY FAT

Experiments concerned with the influence of fattening foodstuffs and temperature on the fowl\u27s body fat were carried out and the following results were obtained. (1) Mixe d feeds (barley, ground 30%, wheat, ground 20%, rice chaff 10 %) were used up to half the amount of the rations, ground Italian millet, ground corn, ground great millet, soybean hull, Wheat flour mixed feeds, and ground buckwheat forming the other half. The fowls were fatted for 30 days each during summer and winter, but no remarkable difference were recorded in the physical and chemical characters of body fat as a result of the feed. (2) The influence of temperature on the fowl\u27s body fat has been fairly recognized. The following is a comparative table of the characters of body fat during summer and winter by average values: (snip) (3) According to the above data, body fat arising from feeding at a temperature (5°C.) in winter shows only 1/4 as much free fatty acid, but on the contrary contains more liquid fatty acid than when the feeding is at a high temperature (27°C.) in summer. This fact seems to be distinct throughout the range of the different physical and chemical characters, and is recognized as bring consistently causative of the difference. After all, body fat arising from feeding at a low temperature in winter is a condition of considerablly unsaturation. It is inferred that this fact is due to phsiological causes, that is, animals placed in disadvantageous environments require unstable compounds for their preservation.育肥餌料及び肥育温度の相異が鷄體脂肪の理化學的性質に及す影響に就き實驗を行ひ次の如き結果を得た。(1.) 肥育餌料として其の半量は大麥粉30%小麥粉20%米糠10%の混合餌料を共通に用ひ他の半量は粟粉, 玉蜀黍, 高梁粉, 大豆粕澱粉混合, 蕎麥粉を夫々給與し, 夏季, 冬季の二回に亙り30日間肥育したが, それ等各區體脂肪の理化學的性質に於ては飼料の影響を認めらるべき系統的な大なる差を認めない。(2.) 肥育時温の相異に依る脂肪に及す影響は稍甚だしく次の如き相異を認めた。今各區の平均激を以て夏季, 及び冬季肥育脂肪の性質を比較してみろと次の如くである。(省略) (3.) 即ち上表によれば冬季低温肥育をなせる體脂肪は夏季高温時肥育脂肪に比し遊離の脂肪酸少なく僅かに四分ノーに過ぎず又甚だしく液體脂肪酸に富みこの事實は理化學的諸性質を通じで明かなる如く一貫して相異の原因となつておるのを認めた。之を要するに冬季低温肥育脂肪は甚だしく不飽和であり,此の事實は不良なる生活環境に對して動物が髓貯藏物質として威可く不安定なる化合物を必要とする生理現象に依るものと推考される