Boundary Layer Ingestion Propulsion: A Review on Numerical Modeling

The present paper focuses on the numerical modeling approaches adopted in boundary layer ingestion (BLI) studies. Three driving aircraft concepts have been identified, namely propulsive fuselage concept (PFC), rear engines concept (REC), and distributed fans concept (DFC). The affiliation to relevant research projects has been considered. Specifically, European projects DisPURSAL and CENTRELINE, NASA projects STARC-ABL, D8, and N3-X, as well as ONERA projects NOVA and DRAGON have been examined, together with other significant works. The methodologies adopted by the reviewed analyses have been investigated and summarized for each concept, in order to assess the main trends of BLI modeling strategies