Condition of the Navajo Indian Country, page 42

OS7000, 8 bit, 400 dpi, 8,260,000 bytesfilled, adding that the overflow, if any, would fall directly away from the troughs without causing trouble, and that the thickness of the wall should be sufficient to stand the pressure of water when full.Fifteen miles from Fort Defiance there is a long valley running north to monument Ca±on, where the lieutenant found ten square miles of good grazing land, and in each valley he recommends that a hand pump with three troughs be placed for stock water purposes.In going up Ca±on De Chelly he reports that he found many soil banks in corners of the ca±on that on a few of these the Navajos are farming; that these banks contain about two acres each of rich soil, the subsoil of which is so moist that irrigation is not necessary there; and in going down the east side of Chin Lee Valley he discovered numerous farms therein between the sandy dry creeks where hundreds of acres could be farmed also without irrigation, if the Indians were compelled to do so; that in some places there were evidences of small ditches; that the soil rests upon sand trough which the water flows to the depth of from three to five feet, thus keeping the soil above moist during the entire year; that at noon of October 1 last he reached Sand Cone Springs, consisting of three water holes five feet in diameter, one foot in depth, and located in hard sand; that they neither over flow nor go dry; that, as the water is clear and as there is nothing but poor grazing in that vicinity, he thinks it is not advisable to expend any money there; that from that place to within three miles of Chee's store is stretch of bad land devoid of growth, the last three miles being on top of a mesa on which there is grazing. (See Powell's map). At Chee's store on Carrizo Creek the lieutenant found a well 8 feet deep which supplies 200 animals per day and never goes dry, and states that on referring to the map and sketch herewith transmitted, marked ""I,"" it may be seen that the creek narrows and runs through an opening into the mesa; that a dam could be built there on bed-rock where the creek would rise to the surface; that, although the water thus obtained could not be utilized for irrigation, yet 10,000 animals could water there while grazing on 50 square miles of land in that vicinity; that stone is in abundance on the spot; that he did not compute the thickness of the dam, leaving such calculations to experts, but that it should be at least one and a half times the height; that an overflow could be dug 200 yards up the creek, 100 yards in length, with a cross section of two yards, requiring 200 cubic yards of excavation through loose soil, and that Navajo labor can be had there at 75 cents per day and board.Three miles to the west of Chee's store is Round Rock marked ""Tsen-a-kahn"" on Powell's map, which Lieut. Suplee alleges is slightly erroneous as to distance. He states that on the east side of the mesa half way up he discovered two mud holes, to which animals grazing on the top of the mesa come to water; that these can be converted into a well as shown on the drawing last referred to; that the excavation for this purpose would be red clay; that a one-inch pipe to act as syphon should be placed under the soil and cut so as not to entirely drain the soil; that four troughs 1 foot by 1 foot and 12 feet long should be placed under the soil and cut so as not to entirely drain the soil; that four troughs 1 foot by 1 foot and 12 feet long should be used, resting on the solid ground; that a pipe four feet in length should be used for waste purposes; that the well should be walled over leaving a manhole in the top for cleaning purposes; that down the creek from Chee's store there exists a side creek where the water rises to the surface for a distance of 200 yards and again sinks, but that a dam as recommended would exclude time and money which might be spent on this dry ""wash."