Condition of the Navajo Indian Country, page 21

OS7000, 8 bit, 400 dpi, 8,260,000 byteswalling about eight feet deep, with a hand-pump and trough, would be desirable there. Sage bush grows in the vicinity. West Tunitcha creek flows into the Carrizo creek and is well used by farming Navajoes.LUKACHUKAI MOUNTAINS.The western slopes of these mountains are so steep that only the lower portion sheds any water to be considered. The water is carried by various and constantly changing water-courses into the Carrizo Creek. At present there is no water flowing beyond. By digging from 2 to 4 feet in the dry bed of the Carrizo Creek, I found water (plenty) in about ten places. The banks of Tunitcha, Lukachukai, and Carrizon creeks vary from 10 to 50 feet high. Hand pumps and troughs, the pumps to be turned over in working order to the Navajoes, might induce them to cultivate land. I do not think that anything but corn or melons could be raised. It would also increase the number of watering places where sheep could be watered while in transit from one place to another. There are several farms along the banks of the above-named creeks.Recommended that about 25 hand pumps, in working order, be turned over to Navajoes--they to be their property and troughs also to be furnished; could not ascertain the cost of these pumps.Water is plenty; no sheep grazing in vicinity, although grazing at some points.""WESTERN SLOPES OF THE CARRIZO MOUNTAINS""All water shedding from these mountains west and north is utilized until it reaches sandy soil, and then disappears. The spring marked ""Hospitito"" at present is almost dry. After digging but few seconds two gallons per minute were measured. Another spring located as number ""12"" on the map, requires a ""spring-house,"" the outflow is suppressed and mired. Sheep and horses trample into the spring the soil, like heavy mud at present. The tank marked on the map of Powell's could not be found, but a place marked on map with ""T,"" was found after following a hardly perceptible trail, for over two miles, over rock without any sign of grass or wood. The water accumulates there in a natural basin of rock formation, contents about 1,000 gallons. There was an overflow which disappears full about fifty feet deep, almost perpendicular. Then within about ninety steps the fall is about 100 feet more. Further to follow course is impassable. Upon examining the surroundings of the natural basin, I fould two splits in the rocks whence the basin was fed. With a picket pin I enlarged one of these openings, which resulted in an overflow within ten minutes, to 27 quarts per minute, more than one third of increase. I can state but believe, not being an expert upon the subject of water supply.Based upon: The surrounding circumstances--(elevation)--The outflow of water at about 14 miles west [sic] from the ""T"" marked place and at the same temperature of water at both places, I believe that there is no difficulty to find water by boring.Considering only that portion of area marked ""A"" which has at present grass not used. At least 25 square miles could be made available for stock. The springs at the place marked ""13"" number 5. In addition to this there are two natural basins, similar to the one described before. Contents about 1,200 gallons. There is no trail leading to this water. The name as given to me by a few of the Navajoes, is Holiwass-ha-han. The Navajo soldiers did not know of that water. Navajoes who I met later stated repeatedly that there was no water in that direction, except the salt water of no use in Gothic Wash, and Sahotsoidbeazhe. The water referred to as of no use, is salty, and animals refuse to drink it. There is no vegetation in the vicinity. The taste is more salty than usual alkali water. A whitish deposit, crystallized, indicates more salt than the usual alkali deposit.Recommended that one ""wind-mill pump"" be bored in a place somewhere marked ""A.""NEAR CHEE'S STORE.Saeltiso Spring is at present dry. Two Navajoes live near it. The points marked ""14 and 15"" are worthy or [sic] development. The amount of water flowing there into natural basins, rock bottoms, is about 20 gallons at 14 and 13 gallons at 15 per minute. One and one-half miles of travel without trail is required to reach them. The names given by some Navajoes are: 14, Tsa-tsak-sah-hat-a, and 15, Tsa-tsil-T-so; 15 also known as Big Oak Springs. The area marked ""B"" is only about two contours above the level of these springs. Everything makes me believe that water will b