A Study on the Ministries of Defence and National Security and Education, Heritage and Arts in Fijian Civil Service

학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :행정대학원 글로벌행정전공,2019. 8. Im, ToBin.The way to delivery service to the public is through having a good human resource Department. In the era of new public management, there is a lot of pressure on the employees to remain competitive in the labor force. With changes in the human resource management practices such as from a lifelong employment to a contract based employment leave employee in the edge of being completive. The major objective of the research was to determine the impact of strategic human resource management practices on perceived employee outcomes in the Fijian civil service. The research was conducted on two ministries in the Fijian civil service through questionnaire survey. The questionnaire was developed based on the literature review and past questionnaire was referred to and refined to suit accordingly. To determine the result a statistical analysis was conducted on the data collected. Further, the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Cronbachs alpha, linear and multiple regression in order to test the hypothesis and answer the research questions. Following the analysis, the result showed that there is moderate impact of strategic human resource management practices on the job satisfaction and turnover intention in the Fijian civil service. Based on the findings from the analysis, recommendation were made in order to improve the level job satisfaction and reduce the turnover intention of employees in the Fijian civil service. Foremost, it was recommended that the ministries to stop giving wholesale training to employees. In addition, it was suggested that in order to maximum the job satisfaction level and minimum turnover intention of employee the human resource department should develop a checklist of the strategic human resource management policies development and implementation.대중에게서비스를제공하는방법은훌륭한인적자원부를갖는것이다. 신공공관리시대에는노동력에서경쟁력을유지해야한다는압박감이크다. 인적자원관리의 변화와 함께, 고용기반 계약으로 평생 고용과 같은 사례시행들은 직원들을 경쟁의 궁지로 몰게 된다. 본 연구의 주요 목적은 피지 공무원 중 인지된 직원 성과에 대하여 전략적 인적 자원 관리 시행의 영향을 살펴보고는 것이었다. 본 연구는 피지 2개 중앙부처의 공무원에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문지는 문헌 연구를 바탕으로 개발되었으며, 과거 설문지를 참고하여 연구에 맞게 수정하였다. 결과를 알아보기 위해 수집된 데이터에 대한 통계 분석을 진행하였다. 또한, 가설을 검증하고 연구 질문에 대답하기 위해 기술 통계, 크론바흐 알파값, 다중 회귀 분석을 사용하여 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 전략적 인적자원관리 시행이 피지 공무원의 업무 만족도와 이직 의도에 미치는 영향은 미미했다. 분석 결과를 바탕으로 피지 공무원의 업무 만족도를 높이고 이직 의도를 낮춰야 한다는 권고가 제시되었다. 무엇보다도, 공무원들에게 대규모로 전체 교육을 하지 말 것을 권고한다. 중앙부처는 공무원들에게 제공되는 교육의 질에 초점을 맞추어야 하며, 이 훈련은 공무원들의 문제 해결과 분석 능력을 향상시키기 위한 구성원 프로세스 구축 과정의 일환이라는 것이 중요하다. 또한, 업무 만족도의 극대화와 이직 의도 최소화를 위하여 인적자원부서는 전략적 인적자원관리 정책 개발 및 실행 지침의 체크리스트를 개발해야 한다. 가장 중요한 것은 인적자원부서는 하급직 공무원이 그들의 걱정을 제기할 수 있으며 그들이 가지고 있는 기술을 업무에 활용할 수 있도록 하는 "문호개방정책"을 실시해야 한다. 그리고 업무를 수행하기 위해 실질적 기대를 가질 수 있도록 구축해야 한다.Table of Contents Abstract ......................................................................................................................... i List of Abbreviations......................................................................................................v Annexation ...................................................................................................................vi List of Tables................................................................................................................vii List of Figures..............................................................................................................viii Chapter 1: Introduction................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background of Study........................................................................................... 1 1.2 Statement of Problem ........................................................................................ 2 1.3 Significance of the Study .................................................................................... 6 1.4 Research Question and Research Objectives ..................................................... 7 1.5 Scope of the Study.............................................................................................. 8 1.6 Organization of the paper .................................................................................. 9 Chapter 2: Literature Review and Theoretical Background ....................................... 10 2.1 Introduction...................................................................................................... 10 2.2 The Concept of Human Resource Management .............................................. 10 2.3 Definition of Human Resource Management................................................... 11 2.4 Strategic Human Resource Management......................................................... 12 2.5 The Concept of Strategic Human Resource Management ............................... 13 2.6 Current Challenges and Trends in Human Resource Management.................. 16 2.7 Theoretical Background.................................................................................... 21 2.8 Review of Existing Literature on the Impact of Human Resource Management Practices and Employee outcomes:........................................................................ 31 2.9 The Human Resource Management Practices.................................................. 36 Chapter 3: Research Design and Methodology .......................................................... 47 3.1 Introduction...................................................................................................... 47 3.2 Research Design ............................................................................................... 47 3.3 Analytical Framework ....................................................................................... 49 3.4 Procedure for Data Collection .......................................................................... 51 3.5 Data Collection Method ................................................................................... 52 3.6 Data Measurement........................................................................................... 52 3.7 Sampling Method ............................................................................................. 53 3.8 Target Population of Study and Sample Size.................................................... 54 3.9 Data Analysis .................................................................................................... 55 iv 3.10 Validity and Reliability .................................................................................... 55 3.11 Statistical Treatment ...................................................................................... 56 Chapter 4: Data Presentation, Analysis and Interpretations of Data ......................... 58 4.1 Data Analysis .................................................................................................... 58 4.2 Descriptive Analysis.......................................................................................... 59 4.3 Reliability Test .................................................................................................. 73 4.4 Pearson Correlation Analysis............................................................................ 74 4.5 Testing Hypothesis ........................................................................................... 77 4.6 Discussion on the Major Findings..................................................................... 87 Chapter 5: Implications, Recommendation and Conclusion ...................................... 98 5.1 Review of Research Questions ......................................................................... 98 5.2 Recommendations.......................................................................................... 100 5.2.1 Formal structured training systems......................................................... 100 5.3 Implications.................................................................................................... 102 5.4 Limited of the study........................................................................................ 105 5.5 Future Direction.............................................................................................. 106 5.6 Conclusion ...................................................................................................... 107 Bibliography.............................................................................................................. 109 Annexation ............................................................................................................... 121 Questionnaire....................................................................................................... 121 국문초록.................................................................................................................. 126 Acknowledgment......................................................................................................Maste