The New Generation Of The Hydrocarbon Refrigerant

CFCs such as Freon 11,12, 22 and HCFCs such as Freon 22 are the refrigerant that depletion the Ozone, and so their production/consumption will be phased on under international legislation ( Montreal Protocol, Vienna Treaty, Kyoto Protocol, Keppres 1992, Kepmen.Deperindag 1998, SNI 06-6500/65011/65012- 2000) . Depletion of the ozone, that mean the increasing the amount of ultra violet light that reach us, this increases the incidence of skin cancer, eye cataract and reduces crop yields, etc The new generation of the hydrocarbon refrigerant is MusiCool, because of The production by Pertamina near The Musi River in Palembang. To replaces the CFCs, HCFCs , there are several alternative refrigerants. It are HFCs (hydro Flouro Carbons) and Hydrocarbons (CA) refrigerant ( Petrozon, Musi Cool). Petrozon and MusiCool are produced by Pertamina, its blend of butane, isobutane, propane. But MusiCool is a new product (2004) of the Indonesian hydrocarbon refrigerant and are produced by Pertamina, Plaju South Sumatera. MusiCool is natural refrigerant, its environmental friendly and at least the performance as well as CFC/HCFC, and in many cases running costs from electricity consumption will reduces. The comparison of the Global Warming Potential (GWP) base 500 years: MusiCool : HFC134a : CFC-12 = 3 : 1300 : 4000. The Ozone Depletion Potential (ODP): MusiCool : HFC134a: CFC-12 = 0 : 0 : 1 . And The Atmospheric life time (year): MusiCool : HFC134a : CFC-12 = I : 15 : 120 . But the Hydrocarbon refrigerant ( Petrozon, MusiCool) are flammable when mixed with air and was ignited. If the MusiCool concentration in the air is not more than 2%, there is not enough for combustion (self ignition about 473° C). There are a three products of the MusiCool, ie : MC 12, MC 22, and MC 134. The Characteristic of the MC 12 is similar with Freon 12, MC 22 similar with Freon 22 and MC 134 similar with HFC 134a. Keywords : Hydrocarbon refrigerant, Friendly Ozone, Refrigeration machine