Add to ORKGGround effect (GE) is an interaction between a wing and a surface that increases lift and reduces induced drag, stalling, minimum power, and maximum range speeds (Vstall, Vmp,Vmr, respectively). Four bird species utilising GE during flapping flight were studied: Double-Crested Cormorants (Pholacrocoraz auritus) at Mandarte Island B.C., Brown Pelicans (Pelecarius occideniali.s) at Ensenada Méico, Black Skimmers (Rynchops niger) at San Diego California, and Barn Swallows (Hirundo rstica) at Ladner, Williams Lake, and English Buff, B.C. Films were taken at 60—64 Hz in nature and digitised for vertical wing displacement analysis. Flight speeds of swallows and cormorants were measured with a Doppler radar. Best-fit sinusoids of dicular-...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
The metabolic costs of flight at a natural range of speeds were investigated in Rose Coloured Starli...
Ground effect (GE) is an interaction between a wing and a surface that increases lift and reduces i...
Most flying animals, from insects to seabirds [1], perform flights close to ground or water when tak...
Most flying animals, from insects to seabirds, perform flights close to ground or water when taking ...
Most flying animals, from insects to seabirds, perform flights close to ground or water when taking ...
Most flying animals, from insects to seabirds, perform flights close to ground or water when taking ...
Cine films of brown pelicans flying in formation were used to measure altitudes and wing tip spacing...
Methods of observing birds in flight now include training them to fly under known conditions in wind...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
Methods of observing birds in flight now include training them to fly under known conditions in wind...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
The metabolic costs of flight at a natural range of speeds were investigated in Rose Coloured Starli...
Ground effect (GE) is an interaction between a wing and a surface that increases lift and reduces i...
Most flying animals, from insects to seabirds [1], perform flights close to ground or water when tak...
Most flying animals, from insects to seabirds, perform flights close to ground or water when taking ...
Most flying animals, from insects to seabirds, perform flights close to ground or water when taking ...
Most flying animals, from insects to seabirds, perform flights close to ground or water when taking ...
Cine films of brown pelicans flying in formation were used to measure altitudes and wing tip spacing...
Methods of observing birds in flight now include training them to fly under known conditions in wind...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
Methods of observing birds in flight now include training them to fly under known conditions in wind...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
The aerial environment is heterogeneous in space and time and directly influences the costs of anima...
The metabolic costs of flight at a natural range of speeds were investigated in Rose Coloured Starli...