Romans, since their origins, had subsidies of a domestic medicine. Medicine, however, had for years evolved into science in Greece – according to Canali (2001), we can establish the “birth of science” in the 6th century B.C. –, and, when it came to Rome, it encountered some resistance to establish itself there. We intend to show how the reception of medicine occurred since its arrival at Rome, around the 3rd century B.C., until Pliny’s time and how it linked itself with ancient domestic treatments, by using Pliny’s Natural History, which is the most complete source for the studies of Romans’ history of medicine. In addition, the works of Doody (2011), Miglioni (1997), and Van der Eijk (1999) deepen Pliny’s relationship with medicine.Os roma...