Hereditary cancer accounts for a small percentage of cancer incidents and is characterized by cancer development at young age and the presence of multiple cases of related malignancies among family members. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of the death among women in developed and developing countries. Approximately 30% of breast cancer cases present family history with at least two relatives diagnosed with cancer (familial cases), while in 5-10% a mutation in a susceptibility gene has been identified. Hereditary breast cancer is related to germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Both genes play key roles in homologous recombination, a very important repair pathway of DNA double strand breaks. The lifet...