How Reading Recovery Teaches the Five Essential Elements of Reading Instruction and More: Second of a Two-Part Series

This article is the second in a two-part series that provides information about how Reading Recovery instruction fits the recommendations of the National Reading Panel (NRP; NICHD, 2000a, 2000b). In the first article, published in the fall 2003 issue of the Journal of Reading Recovery, we explained how and why the NRP was created and described its recommendations. The NRP investigated research in three areas of reading competence that were identified as essential for reading instruction: alphabetics, fluency, and comprehension. In relation to these three areas, the NRP detailed the five essential elements listed below: A. Alphabetics 1. Phonemic Awareness Instruction 2. Phonics Instruction B. Fluency 3. Fluency Instruction C. Comprehension 4. Vocabulary Instruction 5. Text Comprehension Instructio