Pentamidine and canavanine inhibit ADR in intracellular amastigotes, while NMLAA does not.

A–C. Real-time PCR to monitor LdAAP3 and LdPT levels in intracellular amastigotes treated with arginine analogues. THP-1 cells infected with L. donovani in RPMI medium containing 0.1 mM arginine for 48 h were treated with 100 μM pentamidine (A), 500 μM canavanine (B), or 1 mM NMLAA (C) for 2 h. Infected and untreated cells were used as control. The total RNA was extracted, and the resulting cDNA was subjected to real-time PCR analysis using primers specific for LdAAP3 and LdPT. The results are expressed as fold-change of control (2 h infected and untreated cells). Values are mean ± S.E.M. (n = 3). The results are representative of three independent experiments performed in triplicates.