Effects of GSI treatment on MAPK, PI3K/AKT and NF-κB pathway activation in LPS/IC-activated macrophages.

<p>(A-B) IFNγ-primed BMMs were pre-treated with vehicle control DMSO or GSI (25 μM) for 30 min and activated by LPS/ICs for 5, 15, 30 and 60 min. Phospho-p38, p38 phospho-p44-42, p44-42, phospho-SAPK/JNK, SAPK/JNK, phospho-Akt, Akt and the loading control β-actin were detected by Western blotting. Representative data from 1 of 3 independent experiments are shown. (C) IFNγ-primed BMMs were activated by LPS/ICs for 4 hrs in the presence of vehicle control DMSO or GSI (25 μM). NF-κB p50 was detected by immunofluorescence staining. The arrows indicate cells with decreased or no p50 nuclear translocation (green). Representative data from 1 of 2 independent experiments are shown.