GWAS quantile-rank (QR) plots.

<p>Left: ssGWAS, right: muGWAS (each point represents the most significant result among all diplotypes centered at the same SNP) Results are ranked by significance (bottom). For the most significant results and other results of interest, the location of SNPs to genes is shown in. Upper curve (red): convex fit against points; dashed extension: projection; lower curve (blue): population-specific expectation. Vertical lines between curves connect the highest <i>s</i>-values (−log₁₀ <i>p</i>) of a gene (dot) with its expected value for genes with known function. Light gray vertical lines indicate genes omitted from the list because of low reliability (either low µIC or reliance on a single SNP), respectively. Genes to the right of the vertical dark line are above the aGWS cut-off. See Fig A in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0199012#pone.0199012.s001" target="_blank">S1 File</a> for Manhattan plots. The horizontal solid line at highest point at the end of the expected curve indicates the estimate for adjusted GWS (aGWS). All points above the horizontal line (and genes to the right of the vertical blue line) are “significant” at the aGWS level.